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Lloyd Bennett

Director of Undergraduate Courses & Lecturer in Transport Studies, Faculty of Engineering

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Expertise Summary

After gaining a first degree in Mathematics at the University of York and then working in the financial sector, Lloyd's transport research experience began with attaining a PhD at the University of London, studying the mathematical modelling of states of equilibria in traffic assignment problems, with particular reference to the effect of introducing route guidance systems on road networks. Lloyd then moved to the University of Nottingham, initially to serve as Liaison Officer for the 'Instrumented City' - a multi-purpose transport database facility created for use by the entire UK academic transport research community - before becoming a lecturer. Since the Instrumented City team moved to Leeds, Lloyd has been working on the development of his own transport research interests. As transport studies is potentially concerned with such a wide spectrum of transport modes and built/natural environments, in practice it is necessary to focus one's research interests on certain contexts; Lloyd's focus is on urban land transport, broadly based on the argument that road traffic congestion is not only the most fundamental transport problem, but also a root cause of other ill-effects of traffic - adverse environmental impacts, social exclusion, undesirably high accident levels, etc - and, on an everyday basis, most congestion occurs on urban road networks. Hence tackling urban traffic congestion is of fundamental importance. Lloyd's approach is that, in many countries, as car ownership levels continue to rise, a sustainable transport policy can only be realised if congestion and the other negative effects of traffic growth are counteracted, which requires that: • sustainable changes in human travel behaviour are achieved; • alternative modal choice options are available and accessible - considering the transport disadvantaged as well as car owners - in a context of integrated transport and land-use planning; • technological advances enable transport information, management and control systems - intelligent transport systems - to operate very effectively against a background of very high travel demand levels. This perspective correlates strongly with Lloyd's current/future research interests, the development of which often involves collaboration with other members of the School of Civil Engineering (from the Institute of Engineering Surveying and Space Geodesy, for example, regarding satellite positioning), with members of other schools, and with local authorities. The research methodologies used involve various types of survey for data collection, simulation modelling, geographical information systems, and genetic algorithms.

Research Summary

Development of organisational (usually workplace) travel plans. Simulation modelling of satellite positioning for urban road user charging. Genetic algorithm modelling to support the allocation of… read more

Recent Publications

  • VRHOVSKI, D., MOORE, T. and BENNETT, L., 2004. GNSS-based road user charging Journal of Navigation. 57(1), 1-13
  • MOORE, T., BENNETT, L.D. and VRHOVSKI, D., 2004. Simulation GPS in Urban Traffic Environments. GPS World. 15(3), 20-29
  • BENNETT, L., MAWDESLEY, M.J. and FORD, M.F., 2004. The form and role of a decision support system for housing allocations within the UK local plan process Studies in Regional and Urban Planning. 10(Special issue), 51-58
  • VRHOVSKI, D., MOORE, T. and BENNETT, L.D., 2003. Urban Road User Charging Facilitated by GPS Positioning, In: Proc ITS 2003, The 10th World Congress on ITS.

Current Research

Development of organisational (usually workplace) travel plans. Simulation modelling of satellite positioning for urban road user charging. Genetic algorithm modelling to support the allocation of land for housing within the Local Plan process.

Future Research

Optimal design of integrated transport systems and organisational travel plans, to improve modal alternatives (to the car). Road transport applications of satellite positioning. Decision support systems for sustainable transport and land use development.

  • VRHOVSKI, D., MOORE, T. and BENNETT, L., 2004. GNSS-based road user charging Journal of Navigation. 57(1), 1-13
  • MOORE, T., BENNETT, L.D. and VRHOVSKI, D., 2004. Simulation GPS in Urban Traffic Environments. GPS World. 15(3), 20-29
  • BENNETT, L., MAWDESLEY, M.J. and FORD, M.F., 2004. The form and role of a decision support system for housing allocations within the UK local plan process Studies in Regional and Urban Planning. 10(Special issue), 51-58
  • VRHOVSKI, D., MOORE, T. and BENNETT, L.D., 2003. Urban Road User Charging Facilitated by GPS Positioning, In: Proc ITS 2003, The 10th World Congress on ITS.
  • VRHOVSKI, D., MOORE, T. and BENNETT, L.D., 2003. Simulation Modelling of GNSS in the Urban Environment for Road User Charging, In: Proc GNSS 2003, The European Navigation Conference.. 12 pages
  • VRHOVSKI, D., MOORE, T. and BENNETT, L.D., 2002. GPS Vulnerability in Urban Positioning for GNSS Vulnerability In: Proc NAV 02, International Conference of the Royal Institute of Navigation,. 8 pages.
  • BENNETT, L., MAWDESLEY, M.J. and FORD, M.F., 2002. The form and role of a decision support system for housing allocations within the UK local plan process In: Third International Conference on Decision Making in Urban and Civil Engineering.
  • VRHOVSKI, D., MOORE, T. and BENNETT, L., 2002. Simulation Modelling of Satellite Positioning Based Road User Charging in Urban Areas In: Ninth World Congress on Intelligent Transport Systems. 8 pages
  • BENNETT, L., MAWDESLEY, M. and FORD, M., 2002. The form and role of a decision support system for housing allocations within the UK local plan process In: Third International Conference on Decision Making in Urban and Civil Engineering.
  • BENNETT, L. and SLACK, A., 1999. The reliability of precise Global Positioning System (GPS) car tracking along an urban arterial and the derivation of link travel time functions and delay estimates using GPS and SCOOT data In: The 31st Universities Transport Study Group Annual Conference.
  • BENNETT, L., 1999. Travel behaviour In: The Institution of Highways and Transportation "Gridlocked" Symposium.

Faculty of Engineering

The University of Nottingham
University Park
Nottingham, NG7 2RD


telephone: +44 (0) 115 951 4163
email:engineering@nottingham.ac.uk